Priming device



H. OJ-EUSCHNER PRIMING DEVICE vMay 19, 193s.v 2,040,945

Filed March 16, 1932 2 Sheets-sheet 1 Patented May 19, 1936 2,040,945PRJMING DEVICE Harry 0. Leuschner, Flint, Mich., assignor to GeneralMotors Corporation, Detroit, Mich., a corporation of DelawareApplication March 16, 1932, Serial No. 599,111 4 4 Claims.

the induction systems of internal combustion engines atpoints close tothe intake ports under starting conditions, and in means for operatingand controlling the operation ofthe apparatus.

For a better understanding of the nature and objects of the presentinvention, reference is made to the following specification in whichthere are described the preferred embodiments of my invention which areillustrated in the accompanying drawings.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a view showing one form of my apparatus for facilitating thestarting of an internal combustion engine applied to the propellingengine of an automotive vehicle.

Figure 2 is an enlarged fragmentary view of the carburetor andassociated parts of the engine shown in Figure 1.

Figure -3 is a view showing a second form of my apparatus forfacilitating the starting of an internal combustion engine applied tothe propelling engine of an automotive vehicle.

Figure 4 is an enlargedfragmentary view of the carburetor and associatedparts of the engine shown in Figure 3.

Figure 5 is an enlarged fragmentary section taken on the line 5-'5 ofFigures 1 and 3.

Figure 6 is an enlarged fragmentary section taken on aline parallel tothe line 6-6 of Figure 3 and in the horizontal plane which includes theaxis of the manifold 22.

In the automotive vehicle which is illustrated in the drawings, there isinstalled an internal combustion propelling engine I on which there ismounted a carburetor 2 into which air enters through the conduit 3 andfrom which a combustible mixture of fuel and air is discharged throughthe riser 4 which is connected to the intake ports of the engine by anextension 5 and a manifold 6. To regulate the volume of air which entersthe carburetor through the conduit 3, there is provided within theconduit 3 a choke valve 1 of the butterfly type which is mounted on ashaft 8 to which issecured an operating arm 9 which is adapted to bemanipulated from the drivers seat of the vehicle through a rod I0. Toregulate the volume of combustible mixture which is discharged throughthe riser 4, there is provided in the extension 5 a throttle valve II(Fig. 4) of the butterfly type which is mounted on a shaft I2 to whichis secured an operating arm I3 which is adapted to be manipulated fromthe drivers seat of the vehicle through any suitable linkage. There isalso installed on the engine I an engineoperated fuel pump I4 whosedischarge side is connected to the float bowl I5 of the carburetor by apipe I6 and a T-coupling I1.

In the form of the invention which is illustrated in-Figures 1 and 2ofthe drawings, the branch of the T-coupling I1 which is not connectedto the -pipe I6 or the float bowl I5 is connected to one end of a pipeI8 whose opposite end opens into the inlet side of a valve housing I9.To the discharge side of the valve housing, there is connected one endof a pipe 2| whose opposite end opens into the middle of a manifold 22on which there are provided branches 23. Intoveach of the branches ofthe intake manifold adjacent the intake port with which it communicates,there extends a nozzle 24 which is connected to one of the branches 23of the manifold 22 and whose discharge end is directed toward theadjacent intake port, as shown in Figure 5.

In the valve housing I9, there is formed an inlet chamber 25'whichcommunicates with the/ pipe I8 and a discharge chamber 26 whichcommunicates with the pipe 2I. A poppet valve 21, which is locatedWithin the inlet chamber 25 and is carried by a stem 28, which extendsthrough `a port 29 which connects the chambers 25 and 26 and through theouter wall of the chamber 26, is urged by a'coil spring 30 from theposition in which it is shown in dotted lines in Figure 2, in which theport 29 is open, to that in which it is shown in solid lines in Figure2, inwhich it is seated on the walls of and closes the port 29.

Any suitable manually and/or automatically operable mechanism may beprovided for moving the valve 21 from the position in which the port 29is closed to that in which it is open, but I prefer, as shown in thedrawings, to interconnect the valve 21 with the choke valve operatingmechanism so that when ,the choke valve` approaches fully closedposition the port 29 will be opened. To this end, I provide in the chokevalve operating arm 9 and opening 3| through which the end of the valvestem 28 extends and on the stem 28 an abutment 32 withwhich the chokevalve operating arm is adapted to contact when the choke valveapproaches fully closed position.

In starting the engine shown in Figures 1 and 2 'of the drawings fromthe cold, the operator will move the choke valve 1 toward the positionin which it closes the air intake conduit. 3 by moving the choke valveoperating arm 9 in a counterclockwise direction before cranking theengine in order te increase the mie ei iuei te air in the combustiblemixture discharged from the .riser 4. In cold weather, it is dimcult, ifnot impossible,

although the choke valve be in fully closed position, to convey from thecarburetor to the cylinders of the engine by the suction of the engine acombustible mixture in which the ratio of fuel to air is sufcientlygreat to insure that the engine will start quickly and easily. Myinvention eliminates this difhculty and insures quick and easy startingof the engine during cold weather because, when the choke valve 1approaches fully closed position, the choke valve operating arm 9engages the abutment 32 on the valve stem 28 and moves the valve 21toward the position in which it is shown in dotted lines in Figure 2.When under these conditions the engine isA cranked, fuel is forced bythe pump I4, through the pipe I6, the T-coupling I1, the pipe I8, thevalve housing I9, the pipe 2l, the manifold 22, the branches 23 and thenozzles 24, into vthe branches of the intake manifold 6 adjacent thecylinder intake ports and is carried by its own velocity and the currentinduced by the suction of the engine into the engine cylinders. Thus itis insured that a Icombustible mixture in which the ratio of fuel-to airis suciently great to insure quick and easy starting of' the engine willreach the cylinders of the engine when the engine is so cold that thesuction of the engine cannot alone be relied upon to do it.

In the form of my invention which is illustrated in Figures 3, 4 and 6of the drawings, the

branch, of the T-coupling I1, which is not connected to the pipe I6 orthe float bowl I5, is connected to one end of a pipe I8-whose oppositeend opens into the inlet side of a valve housing 20. To the dischargeside of the valve housing 20,

. there is connected one end of a pipe 56 on whose reference characteris applied and is similarlyl connected to the intake manifold 6.

vIn the valve housing 20, there is formed an inlet passage 33 whichcommmunicates with the pipe I8 and a discharge passage 34 whichcommunicates with the pipe 56. A conical lvalve member 35, which iscarried by a stem 36 which extends to a point without the valve housing20 and carries on vits outer end an abutment 31, is urged by a coilspring 39 from the position in which it is shown in dotted lines inFigure 4,

in which the port 38 which connects the pas-y sages 33 and 34 is open,to that in which it is shown in solid lines in Figure 4, in which it isl seated-on the wallsof and closes the port 38.

`."gAny suitable 'manually and/or automatically operable mechanism maybe provided for mov- 'in g the valvef member 35 from theposition inwhich the port 38 is closed to that'in which it is open, but I prefer,as shown in the drawings, to interconnect thesaid vvalve member with thechoke valve operating mechanism so that, when the choke valve approachesfully closed position, the port 38 will be opened. To this end, Iprovide on the body of the carburetor 2 a pivot element 40 on whichthere is mounted a lever 4I in Whose arm 42 .there is provided anopening 43 through which the valve stem 36 extends, and. whose arm 44engages a cam 45 carried by the choke valve shaft 8. The cam 45 is sodesigned that when the choke valve 1 is moved toward closed position itwill rock the lever 4I and when the choke valve approaches fully closedposition will bring the arm 42 into engagement with the abutment 31 onthe valve stem 33.

In starting the engine shown in'Flgures 3 and Y nates the diiiicultyhereinbefore referred to of conveying from the carburetor tothecylinders of the engine a combustible mixture in which the ratio of fuelto air is sufficiently great to insure that the engine will startquickly and easily in cold weather because, when the choke valve lapproaches fully closed position, the chokevalve operating arm 9 throughthe cam 45 moves the arm 42 of the lever 4I into engagement with theabutment 31 on the valve stem 36V and the valve 35 toward the positionin which it is shown in dotted lines in Figure 4. When, under theseconditions, the engine is cranked, fuel is vforced by the pump I4through the pipe I6, the T-coupling I1, lthe pipe I8 and the valvehousing 20 into the pipe 56 from whichit is sprayed through the nozzle51 into the enlarged. end of the funnelshaped fitting 58. From thefunnel-shaped f1tting 58, the spray of fuel is drawn by the suctionproduced in the cylinders of the engine successively into the coupling59 (in which it is mixed,

'if the regulating screw 6I is not in the position in which the bleedopening 86 is closed, with air which enters the coupling through thebleed opening 60), the pipe 62, the manifold 22, and the 'branches 23from which it is discharged through the nozzles 24 into the cylinders ofthe engine. From what has been said, it will be apparent that; by meansof the apparatus illustrated in Figures 3 and 4, it is insured that acombustible mixture, in which the ratio of fuel to air is sufllcientlygreat to insure quick and easy starting of the engine, will reach the'cylinders of the engine when the engine is so cold that the suction ofthe engine cannot alone be relied upon to do it and, moreover, that theratio of fuel to air in the combustible mixture can be adjustedindependently l of the choke valve 1 by adjustment of the regulat- Ifdesired, the regulating screwl ing screw 6I. 6I may be adjusted, afterthe engine is started,

I te the position in which it closes the bleed opening 60.

In order that the throttle valve II may be opened to' a predeterminedextent when the engine illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 is being startedunder conditions that render it desirable partially or-fully to closethe passage 3, I provide on the arm 42 oi' the lever 44I an extension 43which carries a set-screw 41 which engages a cam-like extension on thethrottlevalve operating arm I3, and opens the throttle valve to apredetermined extent when. the choke valve 1 is moved toward closedposition.

In order to insure that suiiicient fuel form and 4 will reach thenozzles 24 when the choke Valve i vso closely approaches fully closedposition that the port 38 is opened, I consider it preferable to preventany of the f uel discharged from the pump I4 entering the float bowl' l5under these conditions. To this end, I provide on the body of thecarburetor 2 an element 48 which serves as a fulcrum for a lever 49whose one arm 50 carries a pin 5I which extends through the top of theoat bowl and is adapted toengage the lever 52 through which the iloat 53operates the needle valve 54, which controls'the passage of fuel fromthe T-coupling i'i into the oat bowl. The opposite end 55 of the lever49 is so located that it willbe engaged by the choke valve operating arm9 when the choke valve approaches fully closed position. When the chokevalve 1 approaches fully closed position, the choke valve operating arm9 will, as previously stated, engage the arm 55 of the lever 49 andcause the lever to rock about its fulcrum 48 and, through the pin 5i andthe lever 52, move the needle valve 54 into the position in 'which itcloses the passage through which fuel enters the float bowl from theT-coupling il, and thus cause all of the fuel which is discharged fromthe fuel pump I4 to enter the pipe i8 and pass therethrough and throughthe intermediate connecting passages to the nozzles 24.

' It will be noted that, since the choke valve operating arm S inFigures 1 and 2 does not engage the abutment 32 on the valve stem 28,and the arm 42 of the lever 4l in Figures 3 and 4 does not engage theabutment 31 on the valve stem 35 -until the choke valve 1 approachesfully closed position, my apparatus for facilitating starting dees notfunction except when thec choke valve approaches fully closed positionand, consequently, does not aiect the operation of the engine on whichit is installed except under such conditions as render it necessary ordesirable almost completely to close the air intake conduit 3. It willbe further noted that, since the fuel pump it does not operate exceptwhen the crankshaft of the engine is being rotated, no fuel will bedischarged from the nozzles 24, although the choke valve 'i is fullyclosed, unless the crankshaft is being rotated and, consequently, thereis no possibility of the apparatus .fdotuiingI the cylinders of theengine on which it is installed.

Although .I have shown and described preferred l embodiments of myinvention, it is to be understood that this has been done by way ofexample and notby way of limitation and, consequently. that vthe scopeof my invention is to be determined only by the appended claims.

I claim: y

i. In an linternal combustion engine, an induction system, including acarburetor in which 2. In a, internal combustion engine, an inducc tionsystem, including a, carburetor, for supplying a combustible vmixture tothe cylinders of the engine, a valve for-controlling the admission ofair to the carburetor, a valve for controlling the discharge ofcombustible mixture from the carburetor, means for introducing fuel intothe induction system between the carburetor and the intake ports of thecylinders, and meansfor rendering the mentioned means operative andpartially opening the second mentioned valve when the first mentionedvalve approaches fully closed position. l

3. In an internal combustion engine, an induction system, including acarburetor, for supplying a combustible mixture to the cylinders of theengine, a valve for controlling the admission of air to the carburetor,means for injecting fuel into the induction system between thecarburetor and the intake ports of the cylinders, and means wherebyafter but not before the mentioned valve has been closed to apredetermined extent further movement thereof toward its closed positionrenders the mentioned means operative.

4. In an internal combustion engine, an induction system, including acarburetor, `for supplying a combustible mixture to the cylinders of theengine, a, valve for controlling the admission of air to the carburetor,means for introducing fuel into the induction system adjacent the intake

